UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION (U.N.O)

It is an international organization whose primary objectives are facilitating member nations in social and economic development, human rights, and achievement of world peace and international security and law. It has different subsidiary divisions to accomplish its missions. It has 193 member nations.   

Existence of United Nations Organization                       

                         

At the end of Second World War people were conscious of the miseries brought about by war. The casualties ran into millions. The loss of property was no less than great. People wanted peace. They knew that scientific inventions were bringing the world together. The war weary people wanted the world to become one in every respect.

So, the situation needed the platform which brings the peace, prosperity and unity between the nations, where all the nations sit together and discuss the future of the World.  As a consequence, in April 1945 all the nations of the world came together to form the United Nations generally known as (U.N.O) with headquarter in New York.

Role of United Nations

The United Nations has come into being as peace maker and at least in few cases it has played this role somewhat successfully. It is more successful in economic, social fields and well being of the humanity. It helps the different needed nations almost in every aspect of the life; well being and increasing the standard of living by helping the underdeveloped nations in different development projects. If we say their war on social evil has been more successful. Many of the Far East people live on great rivers. The U.N. arranged a tour by those people to the water ways of the western countries. There they discussed their problems with experts, and with their experience they returned to make improvement in their own countries.   

Celebration of United Nations Day             

United Nations Day is celebrated on the 24^th October of every year, when people all over the world are anticipated to promise themselves a new to work for the cause of brotherhood and international peace.

Structure of the United Nations

The U.N. consists of the Security Council, General Assembly and the Secretariat which works under its Secretary General. The Security Council has 11 members six of whom are elected by the General Assembly or two years, three each years. The other 5 are permanent members. They are the USA, the UK, Russian, France and the China. Any of these five nations can exercise its right to veto subject in which it will be dropped from discussion. The General Assembly is the chief organ of the U.N. Each member nation can send five representatives to it, but has only one vote. The Assembly elects its own President at each sitting. 

The Secretary General is the chief official of the U.N. The General Assembly elects him for a five-year term with the approval of the Security Council. The U.N. Secretariat, with its headquarters at New York, comprises about 3500 employees drawn from various nations but not as their representative. They work under the Secretary General.

Specialized Agencies                 

The U.N. has several specialized agencies some of which are independent and described below:

• UNESCO

UNESCO tries to advance human well being through education, science and culture. It does this work by teaching experts from member nations how to go about the job.  

• UNICEF

United Nations Children’s Fund came into existence on 11^th December, 1946 to provide healthcare and emergency food to children affected by Second World War.  It became the permanent division of United Nations in 1954. As a permanent body its anniversary is celebrated each year as the world health day. WHO agency advises members on the control of diseases.

• World Bank                   

The world is comprised of divisions such as the International Development Association (IDA) and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Further it added three more divisions. It is a financial institution that provides financing to underdeveloped countries for development and capital programs. Its primary objective is to decrease the poverty, facilitate capital investment, and promote international trade and foreign investment.     

• The food and agriculture organization (F.A.O)

The food and agriculture organization (F.A.O) was founded in 1948. Its primary objective is to help member nations how to increase their agriculture.